The trial was a split-split plot design with three replications. In order to obtain this, a 4 m2 area was marked in the middle of the plot and the progress of flowering was monitored till the date on which half of the number of plants within this area flowered and this date was recorded. World's peanut stats by total production, production per capita, harvasted area and yield. The tender groundnut plants are growing fabulously currently both on the mainland and vast riverine char areas in all five districts of Rangpur agriculture region and three districts of Dinajpur agriculture region in the division. Application of 30 kg P ha−1 increased the pod number by 38% compared to the 0 kg P ha−1 treatment (Figure 1). Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important grain legume produced in northern Ghana. Box TL 52, Tamale, Ghana. Farmers are expanding groundnut farming every year after getting repeated bumper production and lucrative market prices in the last 12 years. Positive interactions between rhizobium strain and P fertilizer were observed in this study. Begin lifting groundnuts when 40 to 50 % of the pods are mature. The subplot treatments include three levels of P fertilizers (0 kg P ha−1, 15 kg P ha−1 and 30 kg P ha−1) and sub-subplot treatments comprised two inoculant strains (BR 3267 from Embrapa Agrobiologia, Brazil and USDA 3456 from Nairobi, Kenya) and no inoculant (control). The results agree with the findings of [13] who reported that inoculating soybean with rhizobium reduced the days to 50% flowering compared to the uninoculated plots. The combined application of 30 kg P ha−1 and BR 3267 produced the highest nodule number of 69 in Oboshie which was statistically similar to the nodule number produced by Samnut 22 fertilized with 30 kg P ha−1 (Table 3). Indian groundnuts are available in different varieties: Bold or Runner, Java or Spanish and Red Natal. In China, groundnuts are mainly grown in seven regions according to the ecological zoning. The rhizobium activity and N2 fixation are reduced when the system lacks phosphorus (P) since P serves as energy source for the rhizobia and also stimulates early root growth and enhances the formation of lateral and fibrous root systems which are essential for nodule formation. In the year 2019, China was the biggest peanut producer with a production of 17.5 million metric tons. Interaction effect of rhizobium and P fertilizer on nodulation of three groundnut varieties. It has been established that application of P fertilizer stimulates node and pod formation in legumes [18] so the 30 kg P ha−1 may have caused this increase via increased pod node formation. Inoculating Obolo with BR 3267 gave the highest nodule dry weight of 0.59 g per plant whereas the lowest nodule dry weight of 0.18 g per plant was obtained when Oboshie was planted without rhizobium inoculation (Table 2). Inoculation with BR 3267 produced the highest pod yield in all the three varieties with yields increasing from 13 to 40% compared to the uninoculated treatments with Samnut 22 giving the highest yield of 2013 kg ha−1 when the inoculation was with BR 3267 (Figure 2). However, China is the largest producer of groundnut and accounts for 37% of world production, followed by India with 22%. In 2018, about 60% of the peanuts grown were made into peanut butter. Here are some points to consider: 1. Inoculation with BR 3267 produced the highest pod yield in all the three varieties with yields increasing from 13 to 40% over that of the uninoculated treatments, with BR 3267-inoculated Samnut 22 giving the highest yield of 2013 kg ha−1. This on-station experiment investigated nodulation and pod yield responses of three groundnut varieties, namely Obolo, Oboshie and Samnut 22 to inoculation with rhizobium inoculants of exotic strains, namely Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense (BR 3267) and USDA 3456 in combination with 0 kg P ha−1, 15 kg P ha−1 and 30 kg P ha−1. Senior Coordinator (Agriculture and Environment) of RDRS Bangladesh Agriculturist Mamunur Rashid said farmers can earn Tk 40,000 by producing 24 to 27 mounds of groundnut per acre of land spending Tk 20,000 as farming costs per acre. Combined application of 30 kg P ha−1 and rhizobium inoculation increased the groundnut yield by 64 to 68%. According to [5], P enhanced the efficiency of photosynthesis in plants and increased branch numbers and pods per plant thereby contributing to the yield of plants. The below-listed states account for about 83-88% of the production, and they are; Kano, Kaduna, Taraba, Bauchi, Bornu, and Adamawa. The percent moisture content of the sub-sample and the field weight of the bulk haulm were used to calculate the dry weight of the bulk haulm. In 2017/2018, it produced approximately 18.5 million metric tons of the nuts or 41% of the total world’s production and exported about 7%, consuming the rest. The three groundnut varieties responded differently to the application of the inoculant strains. Inoculation with BR 3267 produced the highest nodule dry weight in all the three varieties compared to those inoculated with USDA 3456 and the uninoculated varieties. The present study is in agreement with this finding as the combined use of P and inoculants increased yields of the test groundnut varieties. There is therefore, the need to research into the appropriate niches and specific host that a particular rhizobium strain can nodulate and fix nitrogen as expected before making recommendations to farmers. groundnut production Higher mandi prices for kharif crop, likely bumper rabi harvest spell gains for farmers: Crisil Research In crop year 2018-19, farm profits jumped 26% on-year over a low base of the preceding year (2017-18), which had seen per-hectare profits decline due to low mandi prices following a bumper crop. The DAE officials said farmers have already completed sowing of groundnut seeds on over 9,000 hectares of land till Monday as the process continues in full swing amid excellent climatic conditions across the division. Groundnut varieties differ from size, colour and shape. P fertilizer cum rhizobium inoculant also had a great influence on the pod yield of groundnut. 2A Media Limited. Influence of rhizobium inoculants and phosphorus fertilizer on days to 50% flowering and nodule dry weight of three groundnut varieties. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. “We are selling groundnut to the retailers at rates between Tk 3,600 and Tk 4,000 per maund depending on varieties and qualities, after purchasing those from farmers and local markets,” he added. The results obtained in this experiment further confirm the fact that rhizobium strains are host-specific as the groundnut varieties responded differently when they were inoculated with different rhizobium strains. Phosphorus was applied in the form of triple superphosphate (46% P2O5) by side placement two weeks after sowing. However, the rhizobium is host-specific as certain species can only infect specific legumes. The warm and temperate climate of the state greatly support the peanut production. The nodules were then counted while still intact on the roots from the crown to the tip. number of pods per plant). Peanut is an annual herbaceous plant growing 30 to 50 cm (12 to 20 in) tall. World production of peanuts was approximately 45 million metric tons in 2017, with China being the world s largest producer. The interactive effects of variety and inoculant and that of P fertilizer and inoculant were significant () but the interaction of all the three factors was not significant (). The uninoculated unfertilized (0 kg P ha−1) plots produced the lowest yield of 1074 kg ha−1 (Figure 3). In many countries groundnuts are consumed as peanut butter or crushed and used for the groundnut oil or simply consumed as a confectionary snack roasted, salted or in sweets. December 18, 2020 This biannual report includes data on U.S. and global trade, production, consumption and stocks, as well as analysis of developments affecting world trade in dairy products. Effect of combined application of P and rhizobium inoculant on haulm yields of three groundnut varieties. Specifically, the study was to determine the appropriate rhizobium strain to enhance nodulation, growth and grain yield of groundnut, to determine whether the response of groundnut to the rhizobium strains is variety-dependent and also to investigate the interactive effects of inoculation and phosphorus application on the above responses of the groundnut varieties. In order to determine the average seed size/weight, about 100 pods were randomly selected per treatment, shelled and the seeds were mixed and from this number 100 seeds were picked and weighed to estimate the average seed size/weight. With the consistently increasing demand of groundnut in the food industries and export of the products abroad, farmers are showing keen interests in enhancing groundnut cultivation on main lands and char areas to reap more benefits than other crops. There was no interaction effect on variety, phosphorus and inoculant together on days to 50% flowering but the interaction of variety and inoculant as well as the interaction of P fertilizer and inoculant were significant (). 8/C, FR Tower, Panthapath, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh. All inoculated P-fertilized plants flowered earlier than the plants without both P fertilizer and inoculation, with combined applications of BR 3267 and 30 kg P ha−1 reducing the days to 50% flowering by six days compared with the no P uninoculated plot (Table 2). State Level; Horticulture Crops for 2018-19 (Final) ... CWWG Data as on 06.11.2020 : Download (16.4 MB) After removing the pods from the plants harvested from the four inner rows, the leaves and the roots were removed from the plants and the remaining stuff was weighed and recorded as field weight. Data were recorded on days to 50% flowering, nodule number, nodule dry weight, pod load, pod yield, haulm weight and seed size (as 100-seed weight). Peanut oil: global production volume 2012/13-2019/20 Published by M. Shahbandeh, May 19, 2020 This statistic shows the production volume of peanut oil worldwide from 2012/13 to 2019/20. All other parts of the plant are used as animal feed [1]. Their annual production is far more than the area this country has occupied. The seed weights of both Obolo and Oboshie were respectively approximately twice that of Samnut 22 (Figure 4). The higher pod yield by Samnut 22 compared with Obolo and Oboshie might not be due to a bigger seed size but probably due to a higher number of seeds per pod. December 18, 2020. The study was carried out at the experimental field of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI) in the Northern Region of Ghana. Groundnuts are a popular source of food throughout the world, including South Africa. Inoculation of Oboshie and Obolo with BR 3267 reduced the days to 50% flowering by 16% in these varieties compared to the uninoculated plants (Table 2). Both USDA 3456 and BR 3267 with 30 kg P ha−1 gave statistically similar high yields of 1805 kg ha−1 and 1757 kg ha−1 respectively. Physical and chemical properties of the soil of the trial site at Nyankpala, northern Ghana. Moreover, the country is the largest producer of cassava in the world, with about 50 million metric tons annually from a cultivated area of about 3.7 million ha. Please note that intelligence on global production published on Tridge are based on the statistical data provided by UN FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization. Obolo had the highest seed weight of 85.8 g with the lowest weight of 44.2 g obtained from Samnut 22 (Figure 4). Box TL 52, Tamale, Ghana, N. Ahmad, M. Rahim, and U. Khan, “Evaluation of different varieties, seed rates and row spacing of groundnut, planted under agro-ecological conditions of Malakand division,”, M. M. Buri, R. N. Iassaka, F. Hedeto, and W. Toshiyuki, “Comparison of soil nutrient status of some rice growing environments in the major agro-ecological zones of Ghana,”, E. V. Tairo and P. A. Ndakidemi, “Possible benefits of rhizobial inoculation and phosphorus supplementation on nutrition, growth and economic sustainability in grain legumes,”, J. Kevin Vessey, “Benefits of inoculating legume crops with rhizobia in the northern Great Plains,”, G. Nadia, “Influence of molybdenum on groundnut production under different nitrogen levels,”, M. N. Uma and G. Sathiyavani, “Solubilization of phosphate by, G. W. Mmbaga, K. M. Mtei, and P. A. Ndakidemi, “Extrapolations on the use of rhizobium inoculants supplemented with phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on growth and nutrition of legumes,”, B. Ahiabor, S. Lamptey, S. Yeboah, and V. Bahari, “Application of phosphorus fertilizer on soybean [(, M. A. Alua, K. Peprah, and G. T. W. Achana, “Climate change implications for crop farming in Ghana’s semi-arid Guinea Savanna,”. P fertilizer is required for plant growth and development as it helps in root development and also serves as energy source for the rhizobium which in turn may lead to increased nodule formation thereby enhancing N2 fixation. BR 3267 was the appropriate strain that was able to enhance nodulation, growth and pod yield of groundnut. The results obtained agree with the work by [15] who found out that the nodule number per plant and root length increased when P was applied in combination with rhizobium inoculation. Farmers are expanding groundnut farming every year after getting repeated bumper production and lucrative market prices in the last 12 years. Groundnut Production “ This report describes an approach to assess locations and areal expanses that have potential for the production of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) across the world. Also, [8] observed that combined application of phosphorus at 45 kg P ha−1 plus rhizobium inoculants increased nodulation by 56% and recorded significant higher soybean grain yields. Production forecast The drought has had a marked effect on the groundnut industry. A combined application of 30 kg P ha−1 and USDA 3456 to Samnut 22 produced the highest haulm yield of 6103 kg ha−1while the lowest yield of 1756 kg ha−1was obtained from the application of 30 kg P ha−1 and BR 3267 to Oboshie (Table 5). Going above 30 kg P ha−1 would probably not be economically viable for the groundnut farmers in the study area. A. L. Page, R. H. Miller, and D. R. Keeney. In other parts of the world they are boiled, either in the shell or unshelled. The study found out that all the three groundnut varieties responded differently to both the rhizobium strains and the P fertilizer applied. Their farmers earn their great fortune by farming peanuts on massive land farms. There is therefore, the need to use systems’ internal resources such as biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) efficiently and judiciously use P fertilizers to enhance groundnut production. However, soils found in most groundnut-growing areas are inherently poor with deficiencies in most of the essential plant nutrients especially nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) [2]. Despite the numerous benefits rhizobium inoculation brings to crop plants and agricultural soils, it is faced with unfavourable factors such as erratic rainfall, soil temperature and low-soil pH. The result obtained is in agreement with the work done by [22] who reported that combined applications of P and rhizobium inoculant enhanced straw weight of soybean and other legumes. We are committed to sharing findings related to COVID-19 as quickly as possible. The site is located at 09°23′29.8″N and 001°00′04.8″W. At the end of fiscal year 2019, India produced more than six million metric tons of groundnut. The nodules were then carefully detached from the roots of the 10 plants with hand and dried in a forced-air oven at 60°C until a constant weight was obtained and this weight value was divided by 10 to get the nodule dry weight per plant. Groundnut yields obtained by farmers in northern Ghana are generally low due to low soil fertility resulting from continuous cropping coupled with low use of external inputs. Nodule dry weight was also influenced when P and rhizobium strains were applied together. However, poor soil fertility and lack of improved varieties are the predominant production constraints groundnut farmers face in the region although plant breeders have contributed immensely through variety improvement to curb the situation. Combined application of 30 kg P ha−1 and BR 3267 increased the nodule numbers in Obolo, Oboshie and Samnut 22 by 144%, 188% and 56%, respectively compared to their uninoculated counterparts. Poor soil fertility, lack of improved varieties, erratic rainfall and drought are some of the production constraints faced by farmers in northern Ghana. Similarly, farmers Abdul Haque, Lokman Hossain, and Saiduzzaman, of Char Biswanath village in Kawnia upazila of Rangpur said they have cultivated groundnut on more char lands this year to recoup the crop losses they incurred during recent floods. India, Nigeria, and the United States followed with about 6.8, 3, and 2.5 million metric tons each. Chemical composition: The chemical composition of groundnut is energy (Kj/100g) 240, water 5, carbohydrates 18, protein 28. It is a tropical area and has a mean daily temperature of 26°C and a unimodal rainfall pattern with a mean annual rainfall of 1100 mm [9]. Wholesale groundnut trader Mokhlesur Rahman at Rangpur City Bazar Market said groundnut harvested during the last Kharif-1 season are currently being bought from local markets and farmers at rates between Tk 3,400 and 3,700 per maund. Inoculation of legumes with rhizobia generally triggers plant growth, development and yield and it is normally used as a substitute for mineral nitrogen fertilizer which is often costly [3]. This is a critical aspect of groundnut production, because of the potential losses and disease infection that may occur at this time. Michael Asante, Benjamin Dzorgbenyui Kofi Ahiabor, Williams K. Atakora, "Growth, Nodulation, and Yield Responses of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) as Influenced by Combined Application of Rhizobium Inoculant and Phosphorus in the Guinea Savanna Zone of Ghana", International Journal of Agronomy, vol. The crop is grown mainly for its seed and it comprises 40–50% oil, 20–30% protein and contains vitamin B as well. Along with UGA Extension peanut economist Adam Rabinowitz and UGA Extension cotton economist Don Shurley, Smith has produced a relative row crop production cost and expected net returns analysis for cotton, peanuts, corn, soybeans and grain sorghum for 2018. Dairy Monthly Imports ... 35,397 tons of groundnut production target for Rangpur division. Interaction of variety, inoculant and phosphorus was significant at . The main plot treatments were three groundnut varieties, namely Samnut 22, Obolo and Oboshie. In 2016, the country consumed 17.3 million metric tons, translating to a consumption per capita of 12.11 kg against an estimated 13.45 kg. Thus there should be about 2.6 to 2.8 g of groundnut protein available per capita per day in It is the number of days from planting to the time when 50% of the plants had flowered. Nigeria is one of the countries of the world with a variety of oil seeds notably groundnut, oil palm, soybean and cotton seeds. There was no interaction between the three factors, namely groundnut variety, phosphorus and inoculant on pod yield. Copyright © 2020 Michael Asante et al. As a result of conducting massive motivational activities by the DAE and other agri-related organisations, farmers are increasing cultivation of high yielding varieties of groundnut evolved by Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute (BARI). The results agree with the findings of [16] who reported that inoculating soybean with rhizobium produced a higher nodule dry weight than the uninoculated soybean variety. This monthly report includes information on U.S. and global imports of dairy products, including maximum quantities that can be imported under tariff-rate quota licensing. The authors acknowledge MarketPlace Project and AGRA Inoculant Project in CSIR-SARI for providing support for the research materials used in this experiment. The soil samples were analysed for the following parameters: pH (H2O/soil 2 : 1), organic carbon (Walkley–Black), total N (Kjeldahl distillation), CEC (NH4OAc), available phosphorus (Bray-I), exchangeable K (NH4OAc), bulk density (3 × 100 cm3 metal cans per profile depth and replication) and particle size distribution (hydrometric method) [10, 11] (Table 1). The production estimates for groundnuts in South Africa for the 2020 season has been revised downward by more than 16% due to the drought experienced during the past year in certain parts of the summer grain production regions, according to Luan van der Walt, Grain SA economist. The most labor intensive operations in groundnut production – harvesting, stripping and shelling – have now been mechanized to ease the drudgery Read more... Archives December 2020 The average productivity of groundnut in Asia is 1739 kg/ha. Assuming the level of production of 34 million Mt of groundnut in year 2000, there would be about 6.26 million metric tonnes of groundnut proteins (after correcting for the kernel yield). The plants were gently scooped up with a spade and the roots were washed on a sieve under a jet of tap water and then placed on a paper towel in the shade to air-dry. China is the world's leading producer of peanuts, accounting for nearly 41% of the total output. The pod yield of Samnut 22 was higher than that of Obolo and Oboshie though BR 3267 produced the highest yield in all the three varieties. As a legume, it belongs to the botanical family Fabaceae (also known as Leguminosae, and commonly known as the bean or pea family). Research work by [7] reveals that legumes inoculated with rhizobium in addition to phosphorus fertilizer respond differently in terms of growth, yield and nitrogen fixation. More than 25% of the groundnut area harvested in the world is in India followed by 20% in China. Maximum increase in the area has been noted in the decade of 1950-51 and 1960-61 (43.8 percent) while the decade 1980-81 […] Nigeria accounts for cassava production of up to 20 per cent of the world, about 34 per cent of Africa’s and about 46 per cent of West Africa’s. In this study, only the 100-seed weight of Obolo was able to match with its passport weight data. Knoema is the most comprehensive source of global decision-making data in the world. China is not only the leading producer of peanuts but also the top consuming country. Uninoculated Samnut 22 with 30 kg P ha−1 application produced statistically the same number of nodules as inoculated Samnut 22 fertilized with 30 kg P ha−1 (Table 3). The groundnut variety, Samnut 22 was obtained from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria and the Oboshie and Obolo were obtained from the Crop Research Institute of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-CRI), Fumesua, Ghana. The study observed a positive interaction between the rhizobium strains and P fertilizer. The field was previously planted to maize for three years. Just like maize, groundnut is an early season crop hence it must be grown at the onset of rains. Gujarat: Groundnut production estimated to be higher this Kharif season According to the First Advance Estimate of the Gujarat government, groundnut production in the state is likely to remain 54.64 lakh tonnes (lt) this Kharif season. Countries by peanut production. Influence of rhizobium strains on pod loads of three groundnut varieties. The Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) has fixed a record target of producing 35,397 tons of groundnut from 17,7930 hectares of land for all eight districts in Rangpur division during the current Rabi season. This value was averaged over the five plants to obtain the pod load which is defined as the average number of pods produced by one plant. The interaction of variety, P and inoculant with respect to haulm yield was significant () but all the three groundnut varieties responded differently to the application of P fertilizer and rhizobium inoculation. Explore the archive of production & price information of Peanut, and identify your top Peanut supplier candidates. Their work further revealed that combined application of 45 kg P ha−1 and rhizobium inoculant was more profitable than the application of only 45 kg P ha−1. The application of rhizobium inoculants and P fertilizer had great influence on all the three groundnut varieties as most of the variables measured were influenced by these treatments. Inoculation of the three groundnut varieties with both rhizobium strains USDA 3456 and BR 3267 reduced the period of flowering compared to the uninoculated groundnut varieties (Table 2). Review articles are excluded from this waiver policy. 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